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TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are both transport layer protocols used in computer networks, however their characteristics and functionality differ:
Connection-Oriented vs. Connectionless: Which is better?
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol): TCP is a connection-oriented protocol. Before delivering data, it establishes a reliable and ordered connection between the transmitter and receiver. It ensures that all packets are received in the correct order and handles packet retransmission in the event that any data is lost or corrupted.
UDP is a protocol that does not require a connection. It does not make a connection before sending data. Each packet is handled as a separate unit and is mailed separately, with no guarantees of delivery or order. There is no system for automatically retransmitting missing or damaged packets.
TCP: TCP provides dependable data transmission. It ensures that all data is received correctly and in the same order as it was sent. To ensure reliable transmission, it employs acknowledgment mechanisms, sequence numbers, and retransmission algorithms.
UDP: UDP does not provide dependable data transmission. It does not employ any acknowledgment or retransmission techniques. If a packet is lost or corrupted during transmission, it is not automatically resent, and the receiver is not notified.
TCP Error Checking and Correction: TCP offers facilities for error checking and correction. It employs checksums to detect problems in the data, and if errors are identified, it requests that the corrupted packets be retransmitted.
